Mariner's Compass 1923 - Pocket Handbook for Travelers

The most important instrument in the navigation of a ship is the mariner's compass. It consists of a number of magnetic needles placed with their axes parallel; a framework supporting the needles, and a circular disc marked in points and degrees called a compass-card; a pivot on which the framework rests and a compass bowl, containing the compass. The compass bowl is mounted in a binnacle (usually a brass box) in such a way that the surface will swing level, and the binnacle is usually contained in a wooden binnacle box for protection. Below is a picture of the compass card.

Points of the Compass

• North.
• North by East.
• North Northeast.
• Northeast by North.
• North East.
• Northeast by East.
• East Northeast.
• East by North.
• East.
• East by South.
• East Southeast.
• Southeast by East.
• South East.
• Southeast by South
• South Southeast
• South by East.
• South.
• South by West.
• South Southwest.
• Southwest by South.
• South West.
• Southwest by West.
• West Southwest.
• West by South.
• West.
• West by North.
• West Northwest.
• Northwest by West.
• North West.
• Northwest by North.
• North Northwest.
• North by West.